The Canadian Pacific Railroad Company (CPR) played an instrumental role in the settlement and growth of Western Canada's largest cities. Vancouver, having access to the Pacific Ocean, was particularly positioned for success. The city's geography made it an easy choice in CPR's search for a western terminus of its trailblazing transcontinental railway. When CPR confirmed their decision in 1885, plans were put into action, and Vancouver's rail infrastructure practically grew overnight. One of the most visible surviving remnants of that crucial decision — the 1888-built CPR Roundhouse — now serves as a cultural centre for arts and recreation.

The striking red roof contrasts with the towers of Yaletown, image retrieved from Google Street View

The semicircular brick and wood complex at the corner of Davie Street and Pacific Boulevard, its eye-popping red roof commanding attention from above, is a significant example of Vancouver's industrial architecture and history. At the time of construction, the Roundhouse was the largest of its kind in British Columbia, and serviced a major transshipment point between Europe and Asia. 

Roundhouse turnable plaza, image by Flickr user IQRemix via Creative Commons

The ten-bay building was expanded in 1911 to accommodate an additional 12 bays. Another expansion in 1940 saw three existing bays lengthened by 30 feet. By the 1950s, three of the bays were converted to a diesel servicing shop. The arrival of diesel-powered engines precipitated the end of steam locomotives, leaving the Roundhouse largely ignored. 

The provincial government announced their purchase of the rail yards on the north shore of False Creek in 1980, signalling their intention to demolish the Roundhouse. While the structure was partially taken down, it escaped complete evisceration thanks to a dedicated team of heritage and railway enthusiasts. 

CPR Roundhouse, image by Flickr user Jasperdo via Creative Commons

BC Place Corporation commissioned Norman Hotson Architects in 1984 to renovate the Roundhouse for use as a pavilion at Expo 86. Afterwards, with the exception of the occasional film shoot, the Roundhouse mostly set empty. A controversial proposal to introduce an array of boutique shops to the property was soundly rejected until a more suitable purpose could be found.

In 1993, the site's zoning was amended to ensure public use and protection of the facility. The Vancouver Park Board then stepped forward and announced their vision for an arts-oriented community centre, which opened in 1997, and features a performance area, exhibition hall, a full-sized gymnasium, cafe, and a number of multi-purpose spaces. 

Engine 374, image by Flickr user IQRemix via Creative Commons

Despite the structure's new use, the Roundhouse continues to embrace its rich history. Engine 374, the first passenger train to enter Vancouver on May 23, 1887, is now proudly displayed as a designated heritage monument within a glass pavilion attached to the complex. 

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